Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons^™

Introduction To Presenters And Background To Winsaam, Darko Stefanovski, Raymond C. Boston

Mathematical Modeling of Biological Systems and Infectious Disease Using WinSAAM

The nature of the WinSAAM software, its capabilities and its mode of operation.

Crispr-Enhanced Human Adipocyte 'Browning' As Cell Therapy For Metabolic Disease [Preprint], Emmanouela Tsagkaraki, Sarah M. Nicoloro, Tiffany Desouza, Javier Solivan-Rivera, Anand Desai, Yuefei Shen, Mark Kelly, Adilson L. Guilherme, Felipe Henriques, Raed Ibraheim, Nadia Amrani, Kevin Luk, Stacy Maitland, Randall H. Friedline, Lauren Tauer, Xiaodi Hu, Jason K. Kim, Scot A. Wolfe, Erik J. Sontheimer, Silvia Corvera, Michael P. Czech

University of Massachusetts Medical School Faculty Publications

Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are associated with poor tissue responses to insulin [1,2], disturbances in glucose and lipid fluxes [3-5] and comorbidities including steatohepatitis [6] and cardiovascular disease [7,8]. Despite extensive efforts at prevention and treatment [9,10], diabetes afflicts over 400 million people worldwide [11]. Whole body metabolism is regulated by adipose tissue depots [12-14], which include both lipid-storing white adipocytes and less abundant 'brown' and 'brite/beige' adipocytes that express thermogenic uncoupling protein UCP1 and secrete factors favorable to metabolic health [15-18]. Application of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) gene editing [19 ...

A Polymer Gel Index-Matched To Water Enables Diverse Applications In Fluorescence Microscopy [Preprint], Xiaofei Han, Yijun Su, Hamilton White

University of Massachusetts Medical School Faculty Publications

We demonstrate diffraction-limited and super-resolution imaging through thick layers (tens-hundreds of microns) of BIO-133, a biocompatible, UV-curable, commercially available polymer with a refractive index (RI) matched to water. We show that cells can be directly grown on BIO-133 substrates without the need for surface passivation and use this capability to perform extended time-lapse volumetric imaging of cellular dynamics 1) at isotropic resolution using dual-view light-sheet microscopy, and 2) at super-resolution using instant structured illumination microscopy. BIO-133 also enables immobilization of 1) Drosophila tissue, allowing us to track membrane puncta in pioneer neurons, and 2) Caenorhabditis elegans, which allows us to ...

Nutrient Recycling From Aqueous For Nitrogen Supplementation In Algae Growth, Alyssa Young

ELAIA

Algae-derived biofuels have the potential to become a source of renewable liquid fuel via hydrothermal liquefaction. However, for algal biofuels to be economically and environmentally feasible, sustainable nutrient recycling must be achieved. Desmodesmus armatus is a microalga to be used in hydrothermal liquefaction, but it is not yet known if the aqueous product waste from the biofuel production process can be recycled as a nitrogen source to support the growth of subsequent cultures of D. armatus. Here, aqueous product was treated with a Dowex 50WX8 resin for twenty-four hours. Growth media was prepared with treated and untreated aqueous product at ...

Manejo De Detrito Con Hápticas Tóricas En Un Lente Escleral, Para Un Paciente Con Queratotomía Radial, Manuel Sánchez-Pérez, Sandra Paola Partido-Echeverría

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

En la actualidad, una de las mejores maneras para rehabilitar visualmente a pacientes con importantes irregularidades corneales es con los lentes de contacto esclerales. No obstante, con ellos también se han presentado diversas complicaciones como la presencia de detrito entre el lente y la córnea. En el presente artículo se presenta un caso en el cual se dio este fenómeno y a través de ese se describirá su manejo mediante la modificación de la zona háptica, pruebas optométricas realizadas y el respectivo seguimiento. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 53 a?os, posoperada de queratotomía radial por miopía alta ...

Machine Intelligence For Nerve Conduit Design And Production, Caleb E. Stewart, Chin Fung Kelvin Kan, Brody R. Stewart, Henry W. Sanicola Iii, Jangwook P. Jung, Olawale A. R. Sulaiman, Dadong Wang

Faculty Publications

Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) have emerged from recent advances within tissue engineering as a promising alternative to autografts for peripheral nerve repair. NGCs are tubular structures with engineered biomaterials, which guide axonal regeneration from the injured proximal nerve to the distal stump. NGC design can synergistically combine multiple properties to enhance proliferation of stem and neuronal cells, improve nerve migration, attenuate inflammation and reduce scar tissue formation. The aim of most laboratories fabricating NGCs is the development of an automated process that incorporates patient-specific features and complex tissue blueprints (e.g. neurovascular conduit) that serve as the basis for more ...

An Affordable And Portable Palpable System For Sensing Breast Tissue Abnormalities, Cody J. Clarke

Montview Liberty University Journal of Undergraduate Research

Due to the high cost of equipment and lack of trained personnel, manual palpation is a preferred alternative breast examination technique over mammography. The process involves a thorough search pattern using trained fingers and applying adequate pressure, with the objective of identifying solid masses from the surrounding breast tissue. However, palpation requires skills that must be obtained through adequate training in order to ensure proper diagnosis. Consequently, palpation performance and reporting techniques have been inconsistent. Automating the palpation technique would optimize the performance of self-breast examination, optimize clinical breast examinations (CBE), and enable the visualization of breast abnormalities as well ...

Emerging Gene-Editing Modalities For Osteoarthritis, Alekya S. Tanikella, Makenna J. Hardy, Stephanie M. Frahs, Aidan G. Cormier, Kalin D. Gibbons, Clare K. Fitzpatrick, Julia Thom Oxford

Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a pathological degenerative condition of the joints that is widely prevalent worldwide, resulting in significant pain, disability, and impaired quality of life. The diverse etiology and pathogenesis of OA can explain the paucity of viable preventive and disease-modifying strategies to counter it. Advances in genome-editing techniques may improve disease-modifying solutions by addressing inherited predisposing risk factors and the activity of inflammatory modulators. Recent progress on technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 and cell-based genome-editing therapies targeting the genetic and epigenetic alternations in OA offer promising avenues for early diagnosis and the development of personalized therapies. The purpose of ...

Drug-Loaded Chitosan Film Prepared Via Facile Solution Casting And Air-Drying Of Plain Water-Based Chitosan Solution For Ocular Drug Delivery, Boxuan Li, Juan Wang, Qin Gui, Hu Yang

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Chitosan is a nature-based polymer with low toxicity, excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, the intractable solubility of chitosan in water and most conventional solvents hampers its biomedical applications. Following the dissolution method for dissolving chitosan in plain water developed by us, chitosan was dissolved in ionic liquid followed by overnight freezing at ?20 °C and subsequent solvent exchange with plain water at room temperature. In this study, we fabricated a drug-carrying chitosan film via solution casting and air-drying by using the plain water-based chitosan solution. Specifically, brimonidine tartrate (BT), an antiglaucoma drug, was dissolved in the plain-water based solution and ...

Cardiorespiratory Fitness Diminishes The Effects Of Age On White Matter Hyperintensity Volume, Nathan F. Johnson, Ahmed A. Bahrani, David K. Powell, Gregory A. Jicha, Brian T. Gold

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are among the most commonly observed marker of cerebrovascular disease. Age is a key risk factor for WMH development. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with increased vessel compliance, but it remains unknown if high CRF affects WMH volume. This study explored the effects of CRF on WMH volume in community-dwelling older adults. We further tested the possibility of an interaction between CRF and age on WMH volume. Participants were 76 adults between the ages of 59 and 77 (mean age = 65.36 years, SD = 3.92) who underwent a maximal graded exercise test and structural brain ...

Characterization Of Neuronal Differentiation And Activity In Human-Induced Pluripotent Neural Stem Cells, Allison Biddinger

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Machine Learning Models: Gesture Recognition Using A Multimodal Wrist Orthosis For Tetraplegics, Charlie Martin

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

Many tetraplegics must wear wrist braces to support paralyzed wrists and hands. However, current wrist orthoses have limited functionality to assist a person’s ability to perform typical activities of daily living other than a small pocket to hold utensils. To enhance the functionality of wrist orthoses, gesture recognition technology can be applied to control mechatronic tools attached to a novel fabricated wrist brace. Gesture recognition is a growing technology for providing touchless human-computer interaction that can be particularly useful for tetraplegics with limited upper-extremity mobility. In this study, three gesture recognition models were compared—two dynamic time-warping models and ...

Machine Learning Model Based On Transthoracic Bioimpedance And Heart Rate Variability For Lung Fluid Accumulation Detection: Prospective Clinical Study, Natasa Reljin, Hugo F. Posada-Quintero, Caitlin Eaton-Robb, Sophia Binici, Emily Ensom, Eric Y. Ding, Anna Hayes, Jarno Riistama, Chad E. Darling, David D. Mcmanus, Ki H. Chon

Open Access Articles

BACKGROUND: Accumulation of excess body fluid and autonomic dysregulation are clinically important characteristics of acute decompensated heart failure. We hypothesized that transthoracic bioimpedance, a noninvasive, simple method for measuring fluid retention in lungs, and heart rate variability, an assessment of autonomic function, can be used for detection of fluid accumulation in patients with acute decompensated heart failure.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the performance of transthoracic bioimpedance and heart rate variability parameters obtained using a fluid accumulation vest with carbon black-polydimethylsiloxane dry electrodes in a prospective clinical study (System for Heart Failure Identification Using an External Lung Fluid Device; SHIELD ...

Bioprinted In Vitro Model Of Human Glioblastoma, Rachel Lauren Schwartz

Theses and Dissertations

Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is one of the most aggressive forms of primary brain tumors. GBM is fast progressing and resistant to treatment, resulting in a low survival rate. Conventional 2-dimensional tissue culture models cannot fully replicate the complexities of cancer lesions that contain multiple cell types and structures (e.g. vessels composed of endothelial cells, cancer cells, normal cells, etc.) as well as an intricate scaffold of proteins comprising the extracellular matrix (ECM). In addition, animal models cannot translate into the clinical disease in patients. Thus, this study has developed a bioprintable organ-on-a-chip (OOAC) model that mimics the important ECM ...

Efecto De Los Prismas Gemelos En La Atención, Postura Y Comportamiento En Ni?os Con Trastorno Del Espectro Autista (Tea), Elizabeth Casillas Casillas, Jaime Bernal Escalante, Sergio Ramírez González, Luis Héctor Salas Hernández, Raúl Arias Ulloa, José De Jesús Espinosa Galaviz, Luis Fernando Barba-Gallardo

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

El trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) se caracteriza por una alteración generalizada del desarrollo cerebral, que afecta la socialización, comunicación, imaginación y reciprocidad emocional y se evidencia mediante conductas repetitivas e inusuales. El uso de prismas gemelos estimula una reorganización neurológica y provoca cambios en la percepción visual. El objetivo del presente artículo fue evaluar las habilidades visuales y determinar el efecto de los prismas gemelos en la atención, postura y comportamiento de los ni?os con TEA. Se elaboró un estudio de intervención con muestras pareadas antes-después; se incluyeron 20 ni?os con diagnóstico de TEA en edades de 4 a ...

Manifestaciones Oculares Del Covid-19, Nancy Piedad Molina-Montoya

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

No abstract provided.

Tratamientos Tópicos Oculares Para El Segmento Anterior Y Uso De Fármacos Diagnósticos En Población Pediátrica, Adriana Camila Gayón Mu?oz, Nancy Piedad Molina-Montoya

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

En los ni?os, la prescripción de medicamentos para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de patologías de segmento anterior representa un gran reto para los profesionales de la salud, debido a que se requiere de un amplio conocimiento sobre el momento de prescribirlos y de ofrecer tratamientos efectivos, con mínimo riesgo de generar efectos adversos. Este trabajo tuvo como propósito referenciar aspectos que se deben tener en cuenta en la formulación de medicamentos tópicos oculares, para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de patologías oculares de segmento anterior, en ni?os menores de 12 a?os. Para esto, se adelantó una búsqueda y revisión documental, en ...

Chromatic Perception Mediates The Response To Red, Green, Blue, And Yellow Stimuli Among Children From Elementary School In Mexico, Myrna Miriam Valera Mota, Jorge Bernal Hernández, Ilhuicamina Melina ávila Lara, Enrique Jiménez Valencia, Mariana Guzmán Noriega

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

Purpose: We evaluated the responses to chromatic perception (wavelength) stimuli in the visible spectrum among children from an elementary school in Nezahualcoyotl Country, Mexico.Materials and Methods: A software developed ad hoc was used to measure how children perceived the colors blue, green, yellow, and red. The tests were in monocular form, and responses were pooled based on their similarity according to the Pearson correlation index and cluster analysis by unweighted averages. A chi-square test was applied to the groups for significant differences. Results: Data from each wavelength were analyzed in relation to age, sex, and ocular laterality. At a ...

Etiología Y Factores Asociados A Fototoxicidad Retinal, Angélica María Cristancho Chaparro, Diana V. Rey-Rodríguez

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

Los efectos nocivos de la radiación solar en la piel y en la superficie ocular se conocen claramente; sin embargo, los da?os fotoquímicos en la retina aún son motivo de investigación. Se ha documentado que incluso el tiempo reducido, único o recurrente de exposición a la radicación puede inducir cambios histológicos que afectan la calidad de la visión, desde alteraciones transitorias hasta maculopatías irreversibles. Pese a esto, existe limitada información sobre la prevalencia e incidencia de los casos relacionados a exposición lumínica ambiental u ocupacional. Esta investigación tuvo propósito identificar la etiología y factores asociados a fototoxicidad retinal adquirida y ...

Simulation Approaches To X-Ray C-Arm-Based Interventions, Daniel R. Allen

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Mobile C-Arm systems have enabled interventional spine procedures, such as facet joint injections, to be performed minimally-invasively under X-ray or fluoroscopy guidance. The downside to these procedures is the radiation exposure the patient and medical staff are subject to, which can vary greatly depending on the procedure as well as the skill and experience of the team. Standard training methods for these procedures involve the use of a physical C-Arm with real X-rays training on either cadavers or via an apprenticeship-based program. Many guidance systems have been proposed in the literature which aim to reduce the amount of radiation exposure ...